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Adsorbents

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The properties of adsorbents and the possibilities for their use have been studied in many areas of science: non-organic chemistry, physical and colloid chemistry, biochemistry, mineralogy, geology, surface chemistry, oceanography, crystallography, catalysis, and in all branches of chemical technology. Amongst the various examples of uses of adsorbents it is sufficient to note their use in the drying and treatment of natural and associated petroleum gases, the separation and treatment of normal paraffin hydrocarbons, catalytic reactions of hydrocarbons, the drying of cooling agents, the separation of air components, the production of catalyst carriers in processes for the vulcanization of plastics and rubber, the extraction of radioactive isotopes from liquid waste in the nuclear industry, the separation of carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds from natural gas, the creation of vacuum using zeolite traps, air sampling at high altitudes, the separation of ferments, the separation of isotopes of hydrogen, and the removal of admixtures polluting the atmosphere, such as sulphur dioxide.

When examining industrial adsorbents, it should be noted that they are porous solid bodies with a large surface area, i.e. the ratio of the surface to a unit of mass (m2/g) or a unit of volume (m2/m3) of the adsorbent.

This group of adsorbents, thanks to their well-developed system of pores for the separation of gases and vapours, includes active coals and clays, non-organic gels (such as silica gel or active aluminium oxide), and crystal aluminosilicates – zeolites.

Active coals, active aluminium oxide, and silica gel do not have a regular crystalline structure and are therefore characterized by heterogeneous porosity. The distribution of pores in relation to diameters of adsorbent particles can be narrow (from 20 – 50 A) or wide (from 20 to a few thousand angstroms). Active coals in particular are characterized by the wide distribution of pores, and the pores within them are accessible by molecules of all types of compounds, with the exception perhaps of high molecular polymers. Zeolites have homogenous pores (from 3 to 10 A), the size of which is clearly defined by the construction of the elementary structure of the crystal. All the pores are unable to adsorb molecules, the size of which exceeds the diameter of the pores. Thanks to the ability to separate admixtures consisting of molecules of varying sizes, zeolites have been given the name of molecular sieves.

Our company has accumulated a wealth of experience in the production of adsorbents over more than a quarter of a century. We study the nuances of producing adsorbents, acquire modern equipment, and choose the best in modern production technologies. Over a period of many years a colossal amount of work has been done to find the best technology for the production of adsorbents. Thousands of different examples of adsorbents have been synthesized in the laboratory with follow-up analysis in a pilot installation, and monitoring at every stage of production, thus ensuring the highest level of products produced by the KNT Group.

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